After losing the Civil War, apologists for the Confederacy explained that the South didn’t secede frpm the United States over slavery, but to protect “States’ Rights.” Sure — the right to own other human beings. A TED-Ed video by Karen L. Cox.
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(General Orders. Department of Texas June 19, 1865)
Today is officially “Juneteeth, Observed,” a federal holiday, but yesterday was the historical holiday. On June 19, 1865, Union general Gordon Granger sailed into Galveston and issued General Order Number 3, which began: “The people of Texas are informed that, in accordance with a proclamation from the Executive of the United States, all slaves are free.” This ended the legal institution of chattel slavery in the former Confederate States, two years after Abraham Lincoln issued the Emancipation Proclamation, 10 weeks after Appomattox.
Contrary to popular belief, Juneteenth didn’t end slavery in the United States. It still existed in states which hadn’t seceded from the Union, like Kentucky, New Jersey, and Delaware, until January 1, 1866, six months later, when the 13th Amendment became effective. Slavery among the tribes of Indian Territory (today’s Oklahoma) did not effectually end until August 1866.
More:
“Juneteenth: Our Other Independence Day,” Kenneth C. Davis, Smithsonian.com
“Juneteenth,” Teresa Palomo Acosta, Handbook of Texas Online
“Juneteenth,” Stephanie Hall, Folklife Today
“What Is Juneteenth?” Henry Louis Gates, Jr., PBS
“Juneteenth,” Teresa Palomo Acosta, Handbook of Texas History
“The Historical Legacy of Juneteenth,” NMAAHC
Related:
“Freedmen’s Bureau,” Cecil Harper, Jr., Handbook of Texas History
Updates:
“Juneteenth holiday marking the end of slavery becomes law after decades of inaction,” Seung Min Kim, Washington Post
“How the US Military Helped Create the Juneteenth Holiday,” Blake Stilwell, Military.com
“When Did Slavery Really End in the United States?” J. Gordon Hylton, Marquette University Law School Faculty Blog
“Here are the four myths of Juneteenth that are not based on facts,” John Burnett, NPR
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Chief Aeronaut Thaddeus Lowe and his Union Army Balloon Corps changed the scope of military reconnaissance during the Civil War. A video by Phil Edwards.
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Comments are welcome if they are on-topic, substantive, concise, and not boring or obscene. Comments may be edited for clarity and length.
On April 16, 1862, during the Civil War, President Abraham Lincoln signed an act freeing the 3000 enslaved people in the District of Columbia. This was nine months before he signed the Emancipation Proclamation freeing slaves in the Confederate states, many of whom actually remained in bondage until the the war’s end in 1865, and 20 months before ratification of the Thirteenth Amendment, which definitively outlawed slavery everywhere in the United States.
Tomorrow Saturday, April 16th, the District of Columbia will celebrate District Emancipation Day, with speeches, concerts, fireworks and parades. There’s a bit of rain on that parade, though, if you take a closer look at history. That 1862 act was called the Compensated Emancipation Act, and it authorized payments to DC slaveowners rather than liberation of enslaved people on moral grounds. It even sought to promote emigration of former slaves outside the borders of the United States.
In any case, Black Washingtonians had their freedom. That’s definitely worth celebrating.
More:
“When Slaveowners Got Reparations,” Tera W. Hunter, New York Times
“D.C. celebrates Emancipation Day,” Cuneyt Dil, Axios Washington D.C.
“D.C. celebrates its 160th Emancipation Day this weekend,” Elliot C. Williams, Alexya Brown, and Rachel Kurzius, WAMU News
“Bondage to Freedom: Commemorating DC Emancipation Day,” Karl Racine, Medium
“The DC Emancipation Day Celebration Is Back After Two Years. Here Are the DC Street Closures for Saturday’s Parade and Concert.” Damare Baker, Washingtonian
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Image by Mike Licht. Download a copy here. Creative Commons license; credit Mike Licht, NotionsCapital.com
Comments are welcome if they are on-topic, substantive, concise, and not boring or obscene. Comments may be edited for clarity and length.
(General Orders. Department of Texas June 19, 1865)
On June 19, 1865 Union general Gordon Granger sailed into Galveston and issued General Order Number 3, which began: “The people of Texas are informed that, in accordance with a proclamation from the Executive of the United States, all slaves are free.” This ended the legal institution of chattel slavery in the former Confederate States, two years after Abraham Lincoln issued the Emancipation Proclamation, 10 weeks after Appomattox.
Contrary to popular belief, Juneteenth didn’t end slavery in the United States. It still existed in northern border states which hadn’t seceded from the Union like Kentucky, New Jersey, and Delaware, until January 1, 1866, six months after the first Juneteenth, when the 13th Amendment became effective. Slavery among the tribes of Indian Territory (today’s Oklahoma) did not effectually end until August 1966.
More:
“Juneteenth: Our Other Independence Day,” Kenneth C. Davis, Smithsonian.com
“Juneteenth,” Teresa Palomo Acosta, Handbook of Texas Online
“Juneteenth,” Stephanie Hall, Folklife Today
“What Is Juneteenth?” Henry Louis Gates, Jr., PBS
“Juneteenth,” Teresa Palomo Acosta, Handbook of Texas History
“The Historical Legacy of Juneteenth,” NMAAHC
Related:
“Freedmen’s Bureau,” Cecil Harper, Jr., Handbook of Texas History
Updates:
“Juneteenth holiday marking the end of slavery becomes law after decades of inaction,” Seung Min Kim, Washington Post
“How the US Military Helped Create the Juneteenth Holiday,” Blake Stilwell, Military.com
“When Did Slavery Really End in the United States?” J. Gordon Hylton, Marquette University Law School Faculty Blog
____________
Short link: https://wp.me/p6sb6-xdZ
Comments are welcome if they are on-topic, substantive, concise, and not boring or obscene. Comments may be edited for clarity and length.
On April 16, 1862, during the Civil War, President Abraham Lincoln signed an act freeing the 3000 enslaved people in the District of Columbia. This was nine months before he signed the Emancipation Proclamation freeing slaves in the Confederate states, many of whom actually remained in bondage until the the war’s end in 1865, and 20 months before ratification of the Thirteenth Amendment, which definitively outlawed slavery everywhere in the United States.
Understandably, April 16th is a holiday in the District of Columbia, District Emancipation Day, traditionally celebrated with speeches, concerts, fireworks and parades. There’s a bit of rain on that parade, though, if you take a closer look at history. That 1862 act was called the Compensated Emancipation Act, and it authorized payments to DC slaveowners rather than liberation of enslaved people on moral grounds. It even sought to promote emigration of former slaves outside the borders of the United States.
In any case, black Washingtonians had their freedom. That’s definitely worth celebrating.
More:
“When Slaveowners Got Reparations,” Tera W. Hunter, New York Times
_____________
Short link: https://wp.me/p6sb6-wXD
Image by Mike Licht. Download a copy here. Creative Commons license; credit Mike Licht, NotionsCapital.com
Comments are welcome if they are on-topic, substantive, concise, and not boring or obscene. Comments may be edited for clarity and length.
(General Orders, Department of Texas June 19, 1865)
On June 19, 1865 Union general Gordon Granger arrived in Galveston and issued General Order Number 3, which began: “The people of Texas are informed that, in accordance with a proclamation from the Executive of the United States, all slaves are free.” This ended the legal institution of chattel slavery in the former Confederate States, two years after Abraham Lincoln issued the Emancipation Proclamation, 10 weeks after Appomattox. De Jure slavery didn’t end in border states like Kentucky and Deleware, which hadn’t seceded from the Union, until December 1865, six months after the first Juneteenth, when the 13th Amendment was ratified.
More:
“Juneteenth: Our Other Independence Day,” Kenneth C. Davis, Smithsonian.com
“Juneteenth,” Teresa Palomo Acosta, Handbook of Texas Online
“Juneteenth,” Stephanie Hall, Folklife Today
“What Is Juneteenth?” Henry Louis Gates, Jr., PBS
“Juneteenth,” Teresa Palomo Acosta, Handbook of Texas History
“The Historical Legacy of Juneteenth,” NMAAHC
Related:
“Freedmen’s Bureau,” Cecil Harper, Jr., Handbook of Texas History
____________
Short link: https://wp.me/p6sb6-v2y
Comments are welcome if they are on-topic, substantive, concise, and not boring or obscene. Comments may be edited for clarity and length.
(General Orders, Department of Texas, June 19, 1865)
On June 19, 1865 Union general Gordon Granger arrived in Galveston and issued General Order Number 3, which began: “The people of Texas are informed that, in accordance with a proclamation from the Executive of the United States, all slaves are free.” This ended the legal institution of chattel slavery in the United States, two years after Abraham Lincoln issued the Emancipation Proclamation.
More:
“Juneteenth: Our Other Independence Day,” Kenneth C. Davis, Smithsonian.com
“Juneteenth,” Teresa Palomo Acosta, Handbook of Texas Online
“Juneteenth,” Stephanie Hall, Folklife Today
____________
Short link: https://wp.me/p6sb6-thn
Comments are welcome if they are on-topic, substantive, concise, and not boring or obscene. Comments may be edited for clarity and length.
Add to: Facebook | Digg | Del.icio.us | Stumbleupon | Reddit | Blinklist | Twitter | Technorati | Yahoo Buzz | Newsvine
On April 16, 1862, during the Civil War, President Abraham Lincoln signed an act freeing the 3000 enslaved people in the District of Columbia. This was nine months before he signed the Emancipation Proclamation freeing slaves in the Confederate states, many of whom actually remained in bondage until the the war’s end in 1865, and 20 months before ratification of the Thirteenth Amendment, which definitively outlawed slavery everywhere in the United States.
Understandably, April 16th is a holiday in the District of Columbia, District Emancipation Day, celebrated with speeches, concerts, fireworks and parades. There’s a bit of rain on that parade, though, if you take a closer look at history. That 1862 act was called the Compensated Emancipation Act, and it authorized payments to DC slaveowners rather than liberation of enslaved people on moral grounds. It even sought to promote emigration of former slaves outside the borders of the United States.
In any case, black Washingtonians had their freedom. That’s definitely worth celebrating.
More:
“When Slaveowners Got Reparations,” Tera W. Hunter, New York Times
Related:
“Georgetown students vote in favor of reparations for enslaved people,” Susan Svrluga, Washington Post
_____________
Short link: https://wp.me/p6sb6-t4e
Image by Mike Licht. Download a copy here. Creative Commons license; credit Mike Licht, NotionsCapital.com
Comments are welcome if they are on-topic, substantive, concise, and not boring or obscene. Comments may be edited for clarity and length.
(General Orders, Department of Texas, June 19, 1865)
On June 19, 1865 Union general Gordon Granger arrived in Galveston and issued General Order Number 3, which began: “The people of Texas are informed that, in accordance with a proclamation from the Executive of the United States, all slaves are free.” This ended the legal institution of chattel slavery in the United States, two years after Abraham Lincoln issued the Emancipation Proclamation.
More:
“Juneteenth: Our Other Independence Day,” Kenneth C. Davis, Smithsonian.com
“Juneteenth,” Teresa Palomo Acosta, Handbook of Texas Online
“Juneteenth,” Stephanie Hall, Folklife Today
____________
Short link: http://wp.me/p6sb6-q45
Comments are welcome if they are on-topic, substantive, concise, and not boring or obscene. Comments may be edited for clarity and length.
Add to: Facebook | Digg | Del.icio.us | Stumbleupon | Reddit | Blinklist | Twitter | Technorati | Yahoo Buzz | Newsvine
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